The Isolated State and Agricultural Location
고립국 지대론
A classical spatial economic theory demonstrating that differential transportation costs to a central market determine economic location rents and concentric rings of specialized agricultural land use.
| Field | Geography · Economics |
|---|---|
| Level of analysis | Macro · Structures & Institutions |
| Paradigm | Rational Choice Structuralism |
| Key figures | 👤 Johann Heinrich von Thünen (요한 하인리히 폰 튀넨) |
| Year | 1826 |
Key Claims
Johann Heinrich von Thünen formulated the first mathematical model of spatial economics. Assuming an ‘isolated state’ with a single central market surrounded by uniform fertile land, location rent is derived as: Rent = Yield × (Price - Cost) - Yield × Freight Rate × Distance. High-transport-cost and perishable goods (dairy, horticulture) locate closest to the market, while low-transport-cost extensive grains and forestry locate in outer concentric rings.
Further Reading
- von Thünen, J. H. (1826). Der isolirte Staat in Beziehung auf Landwirthschaft und Nationalökonomie. Hamburg: Perthes. (English: Isolated State, 1966, Pergamon Press)
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